29. 7. San Carlo all'Arena, 21. Montecalvario Naples is also known for its natural beauties, such as Posillipo, Phlegraean Fields, Nisida, and Vesuvius. [7] In the 6th century BC, it was refounded as Neápolis. Partenope Rugby are the city's best-known rugby union side: the team has won the rugby union Serie A twice. [75], Another Neapolitan castle is Castel Sant'Elmo, which was completed in 1329 and is built in the shape of a star. [121] The A16 is nicknamed the autostrada dei Due Mari ("Motorway of the Two Seas") because it connects the Tyrrhenian Sea to the Adriatic Sea.[122]. Pendino During the uprising of Masaniello in 1647, the Spanish took refuge in Sant'Elmo to escape the revolutionaries. [129] A regional hydrofoil transport service, the "Metropolitana del Mare", runs annually from July to September, maintained by a consortium of shipowners and local administrations. In Roman times the islet became part of Lucullus's villa and later it was the site to which the last western Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, was exiled. 26. The modern Academy offers courses in painting, decorating, sculpture, design, restoration, and urban planning. The Neapolitan tarantella is a courtship dance performed by couples whose "rhythms, melodies, gestures, and accompanying songs are quite distinct" featuring faster more cheerful music. During the Benito Mussolini era, the first structures of the city's "service center" were built, all in a Rationalist-Functionalist style, including the Palazzo delle Poste and the Pretura buildings. [45], By the 17th century, Naples had become Europe's second-largest city – second only to Paris – and the largest European Mediterranean city, with around 250,000 inhabitants. [60] However, high unemployment continues to affect Naples; Italian media attributed the past city's waste disposal issues to the activity of the Camorra organised crime network. The traditional Neapolitan flip coffee pot, known as the cuccuma or cuccumella, was the basis for the invention of the espresso machine, and also inspired the Moka pot. 17. "The Italian Cities and the Arabs before 1095" in. [137], Naples is traditionally credited as the home of pizza. His works influenced Francesco de Sanctis who made his studies in Naples, and then eventually became Minister of Instruction during the Italian kingdom. [49], During the time of Ferdinand IV, the effects of the French Revolution were felt in Naples: Horatio Nelson, an ally of the Bourbons, even arrived in the city in 1798 to warn against the French republicans. We look forward to seeing you soon! The city's main railway station is Napoli Centrale, which is located in Piazza Garibaldi; other significant stations include the Napoli Campi Flegrei[123] and Napoli Mergellina. Poggioreale During the late Baroque period, Alessandro Scarlatti, the father of Domenico Scarlatti, established the Neapolitan school of opera; this was in the form of opera seria, which was a new development for its time. 6. Wineries in the Vesuvius area produce wines such as the Lacryma Christi ("tears of Christ") and Terzigno. Naples fut fondée par les grecs longtemps avant Rome. Under that same spirit, you will find more recent additions such as Pollo-Gino-Vese. [56][57], Naples was the most-bombed Italian city during World War II. [98], The city's population rose from 621,000 in 1901 to 1,226,000 in 1971, before declining to 957,811 in 2011 as city-dwellers moved to the suburbs. [131], The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Naples, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 77 min. Due to philosophers such as Giambattista Vico, Naples became one of the centres of the Italian peninsula for historic and philosophy of history studies. The San Pietro a Majella music conservatory, founded in 1826 by Francesco I of Bourbon, continues to operate today as both a prestigious centre of musical education and a musical museum. 24. In terms of international arrivals, Naples was the 166th-most-visited city in the world in 2008, with 381,000 visitors (a 1.6% decrease from the previous year), coming after Lille, but overtaking York, Stuttgart, Belgrade and Dallas. 13. Daniela Giampaola, Francesca Longobardo (2000). [50], Eventually, the Republicans conquered Castel Sant'Elmo and proclaimed a Parthenopaean Republic, secured by the French Army. This system, or one very similar to it, has been in place since the invasion of Italy by Napoleonic forces in 1808. Neapolitan Mouse takes place in the same city. 19% of public transit riders, ride for more than 2 hours every day. The song Santa Lucia played by Tom Cat in Cat and Dupli-cat traced origin from Naples. [138] Cooked traditionally in a wood-burning oven, the ingredients of Neapolitan pizza have been strictly regulated by law since 2004, and must include wheat flour type "00" with the addition of flour type "0" yeast, natural mineral water, peeled tomatoes or fresh cherry tomatoes, mozzarella cheese, sea salt and extra virgin olive oil.[139]. Napoli Villa Italian Restaurant was founded by Guerino and Carmela Cento, immigrants from Southern Italy who came to Indianapolis with few possessions but an abundance of determination and patience to work hard to one day achieve their dream of opening a fine-dining Italian restaurant. [40], Sicily and Naples were separated in 1458, but remained dependencies of Aragon under Ferdinand I. Celebrating 50 years of business in our Beech Grove location, come visit one of the best, authentic, Indianapolis Italian restaurants and enjoy its rich history. Our phone number is (317) 783-4122. The main city square or piazza of the city is the Piazza del Plebiscito. S.Pietro a Patierno Naples has long been a centre of art and architecture, dotted with Medieval, Baroque and Renaissance-era churches, castles and palaces. Spaghetti is also associated with the city and is commonly eaten with the sauce ragù: a popular Neapolitan folkloric symbol is the comic figure Pulcinella eating a plate of spaghetti. [79] The 16th-century palace of Roccella hosts the Palazzo delle Arti Napoli, which contains the civic collections of art belonging to the City of Naples, and features temporary exhibits of art and culture. Naples has appeared in episodes of TV serials such as The Sopranos and the 1998 version of The Count of Monte Cristo, starring Gérard Depardieu. [81], The San Gennaro dei Poveri is a Renaissance-era hospital for the poor, erected by the Spanish in 1667. [97][103], Naples is noted for its numerous higher education institutes and research centres. [41] The new dynasty enhanced Naples' commercial standing by establishing relations with the Iberian Peninsula. San Lorenzo [61] Due to this event, environmental contamination and increased health risks are also prevalent. Naples was greatly respected by the Romans as a paragon of Hellenistic culture. Porto As of 2012[update], the population of the comune di Napoli totals around 960,000. Maritime features moderate the winters, but summers are quite similar to inland areas much further north in the country. The Accademia Nazionale di Scherma (National Academy and Fencing School of Naples) is the only place in Italy where the titles "Master of Sword" and "Master of Kendo" can be obtained. King Alfonso V of Aragon stated in 1442 that the Neapolitan language was to be used instead of Latin in official documents. Directly across from San Carlo is Galleria Umberto, a shopping centre and social hub. [80] During the miracle, which thousands of Neapolitans flock to witness, the dried blood of Januarius is said to turn to liquid when brought close to holy relics said to be of his body. [24] However, Belisarius of the Byzantine Empire recaptured Naples in 536, after entering the city via an aqueduct. [119] In early 2002, there were over 249,590 enterprises operating in the province registered in the Chamber of Commerce Public Register. The city co-hosted the EuroBasket 1969. [63] However, the late-2000s recession had a severe impact on the city, intensifying its waste-management and unemployment problems. 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[11], Special funding from the Italian government's Fund for the South was provided from 1950 to 1984, helping the Neapolitan economy to improve somewhat, with city landmarks such as the Piazza del Plebiscito being renovated. Several of Naples' mid-19th-century porcelain factories remain active today. Naples is noted for its numerous stately villas, fountains and stairways, such as the Neoclassical Villa Floridiana, the Fountain of Neptune and the Pedamentina stairways. On 14 October 2008, a regional law was enacted by Campania which has the effect that the use of the Neapolitan language is protected. [34] Wars between the competing dynasties continued until the Peace of Caltabellotta in 1302, which saw Frederick III recognised as king of Sicily, while Charles II was recognised as king of Naples by Pope Boniface VIII. 2), "Comune di Napoli – Festa di Piedigrotta", "Comune di Napoli – Maggio dei Monumenti 2016", "Comune di Napoli – Il ritorno della Festa di San Gennaro", "Tutela del dialetto, primo via libera al Ddl campano", "Cyclopaedia of Classical Guitar Composers", "IMDb: 10 good movies about Naples – a list by gadam", "Storia Del Club, by Pietro Gentile and Valerio Rossano", "Your Guide to Neapolitan Jacket Characteristics", "Abdullah Ocalan honorary citizen of Naples", "Sophia Loren becomes honorary citizen of Naples", "Maradona honorary Naples citizen July 5 (4) - English", "A tale of two cities: Will Kolkata learn from her sister? Naples is also the home of the artistic tradition of Capodimonte porcelain. Serena also starred in the 1912 film, Romeo and Juliet. The 2008 film Gomorrah, based on the book by Roberto Saviano, explores the dark underbelly of the city of Naples through five intertwining stories about the powerful Neapolitan crime syndicate, as well as the TV series of the same name. Miano By the end of the 19th century, party politics had begun to emerge; during the fascist era, each commune was represented by a podestà. As response to these problems the government prompted since 1852 a radically transformation of the city called risanamento with the objective of improving the sewerage infrastructure and replacing the most clustered areas with large and airy avenues as this was considered the main cause of insalubrity. The garden's 15 hectares feature around 25,000 samples of vegetation, representing over 10,000 plant species. Conrad II, Duke of Bohemia and Philip I, Archbishop of Cologne died of disease during the siege. [23] Arenella The history of how this song was born was dramatised in the eponymous comedy movie "Ninì Tirabusciò: la donna che inventò la mossa" starring Monica Vitti. Some of the city's smaller clubs include Sporting Neapolis and Internapoli, which play at the Stadio Arturo Collana. [104] It is host to the Botanical Garden of Naples, which was opened in 1807 by Joseph Bonaparte, using plans drawn up under the Bourbon king Ferdinand IV. [87][88] The climate and fertility of the Gulf of Naples made the region famous during Roman times, when emperors such as Claudius and Tiberius holidayed near the city. The rectangular grid layout of the ancient Greek foundation of Neapolis is still discernible and has indeed continued to provide the basic form for the present-day urban fabric of the Historic Centre of Naples, one of the foremost Mediterranean port cities. Coordinates: 40°50′42″N 14°15′30″E / 40.84500°N 14.25833°E / 40.84500; 14.25833. Le menaçant Vésuve et l’immortelle Pompéi. [42] In 1501, Naples came under direct rule from France under Louis XII, with the Neapolitan king Frederick being taken as a prisoner to France; however, this state of affairs did not last long, as Spain won Naples from the French at the Battle of Garigliano in 1503. [72] The Cathedral of Naples is the city's premier place of worship; each year on 19 September, it hosts the longstanding Miracle of Saint Januarius, the city's patron saint. Naples has itself produced numerous prominent professional footballers, including Ciro Ferrara and Fabio Cannavaro. In light of this Tancred achieved another unexpected achievement during his counterattack that his contender Constance, now empress, was captured. In addition to commercial activities, it is home to the Allied Joint Force Command Naples, the NATO body that oversees North Africa, the Sahel and Middle East.[13]. 5. [120] The A3 runs southwards from Naples to Salerno, where the motorway to Reggio Calabria begins, while the A16 runs east to Canosa. People awarded the honorary citizenship of Naples are: L'Aquila, AbruzzoAosta, Aosta ValleyBari, ApuliaPotenza, Basilicata, Catanzaro, CalabriaNaples, CampaniaBologna, Emilia-RomagnaTrieste, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Rome, LazioGenoa, LiguriaMilan, LombardyAncona, Marche, Campobasso, MoliseTurin, PiedmontCagliari, SardiniaPalermo, Sicily, Trento, Trentino-Alto Adige/SüdtirolFlorence, TuscanyPerugia, UmbriaVenice, Veneto, "Napoli" redirects here. [35] Having a great interest in architecture, Charles I imported French architects and workmen and was personally involved in several building projects in the city. Naples is one of the main centres of Italian literature. Serao was an acclaimed novelist and writer during her day. [54] In the forty years following unification, the population of Naples grew by only 26%, vs. 63% for Turin and 103% for Milan; however, by 1884, Naples was still the largest city in Italy with 496,499 inhabitants, or roughly 64,000 per square kilometre (more than twice the population density of Paris). [166] Some of the best-known recording artists in this field include Roberto Murolo, Sergio Bruni and Renato Carosone. Along its history the castle was the residence of many kings and queens. [144][145] 28. [106] Another notable centre of education is the Istituto Universitario Orientale, which specialises in Eastern culture, and was founded by the Jesuit missionary Matteo Ripa in 1732, after he returned from the court of Kangxi, the Emperor of the Manchu Qing Dynasty of China.[107]. 14. Soccavo Stella In 1976, there were an estimated 7,047,399 native speakers of this group of dialects.[153]. Ruggiero Gennaro, I castelli di Napoli, Napoli, Newton & Compton, 1995, second-most populous metropolitan area in Italy, 7th-most populous urban area in the European Union, Istituto Universitario Suor Orsola Benincasa, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ninì Tirabusciò: la donna che inventò la mossa, List of twin towns and sister cities in Italy, "Superficie di Comuni Province e Regioni italiane al 9 ottobre 2011", "Principali statistiche geografiche sui comuni", "Popolazione Residente al 1° Gennaio 2018", "Napoli, l'inaugurazione dell'Hub di Direzione Strategica della Nato", "Guida Michelin, trionfa Napoli: è la città più stellata d'Italia", "Neapolis Station – Archaeological Yards", "Touring Club of Italy, Naples: The City and Its Famous Bay, Capri, Sorrento, Ischia, and the Amalfi, Milano", "Aragonese Overseas Expansion, 1282–1479", "Ferrante of Naples: the statecraft of a Renaissance prince", "Charles of Bourbon – the restorer of the Kingdom of Naples", "La dolce vita? [15] The best-known sports team in Naples is the Serie A club S.S.C. Vicaria [43] In 1656, an outbreak of bubonic plague killed about half of Naples' 300,000 inhabitants. [101], In contrast to many northern Italian cities, there are relatively few foreign immigrants in Naples; 94.3% of the city's inhabitants are Italian nationals. 8. The Neapolitan popular genre of "Sceneggiata" is an important genre of modern folk theatre worldwide, dramatising common canon themes of thwarted love stories, comedies, tearjerker stories, commonly about honest people becoming camorra outlaws due to unfortunate events. In 1480 the writer and poet Jacopo Sannazzaro wrote the first pastoral romance, Arcadia, which influenced Italian literature. [77], Naples is widely known for its wealth of historical museums. [105], Naples is also served by the "Second University" (today named University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli), a modern university which opened in 1989, and which has strong links to the nearby province of Caserta. [119] The service sector employs the majority of Neapolitans, although more than half of these are small enterprises with fewer than 20 workers; 70 companies are said to be medium-sized with more than 200 workers; and 15 have more than 500 workers. In 2017, there were a total of 58,203 foreigners in the city of Naples; the majority of these are mostly from Sri Lanka, China, Ukraine, Pakistan and Romania. The masked character of Pulcinella is worldwide famous figure either as theatrical character or puppetry character. The last emperor of the Western Roman Empire, Romulus Augustulus, was exiled to Naples by the Germanic king Odoacer in the 5th century AD. First settled by Greeks in the first millennium BC, Naples is one of the oldest continuously inhabited urban areas in the world. [74], Castel Capuano was built in the 12th century by William I, the son of Roger II of Sicily, the first monarch of the Kingdom of Naples. The Tuscan poet Boccaccio lived for many years at the court of King Robert the Wise and used Naples as a setting for The Decameron and a number of his later novels. [80] Below is a selective list of Naples' major churches, chapels, and monastery complexes: Aside from the Piazza del Plebiscito, Naples has two other major public squares: the Piazza Dante and the Piazza dei Martiri. 23. [14] Neapolitan cuisine is noted for its association with pizza, which originated in the city, as well as numerous other local dishes. [36] Many examples of Gothic architecture sprang up around Naples, including the Naples Cathedral, which remains the city's main church. Several chapters of the animated series Tom and Jerry also have references/influences from Naples. The city grew rapidly due to the influence of the powerful Greek city-state of Syracuse,[7] and became an ally of the Roman Republic against Carthage. harvnb error: no target: CITEREFMagnussonGoring1990 (, Hilmar C. Krueger. From the Middle Ages to the 18th century, Naples was a focal point in terms of art and architecture, expressed in its ancient forts, the royal ensembles such as the Royal Palace of 1600, and the palaces and churches sponsored by the noble families. [176], Neapolitan tailoring was born as an attempt to loosen up the stiffness of English tailoring, which didn't suit the Neapolitan lifestyle.[177]. 16. The city's best known football club is SSC Napoli, which plays its home games at the Stadio San Paolo in Fuorigrotta. [27] By the 11th century, Naples had begun to employ Norman mercenaries to battle their rivals; Duke Sergius IV hired Rainulf Drengot to wage war on Capua for him. The Angevin Kingdom of Naples included the southern part of the Italian peninsula, while the island of Sicily became the Aragonese Kingdom of Sicily. In 1935, the Rationalist architect Luigi Cosenza created a new fish market for the city. The Vigliena Fort, which was built in 1702, was destroyed in 1799 during the royalist war against the Parthenopean Republic, and is now abandoned and in ruin. In 1743, Charles of Bourbon founded the Royal Factory of Capodimonte, many of whose artworks are now on display in the Museum of Capodimonte. 15. San Giuseppe Several archeological excavations are also present; they revealed in San Lorenzo Maggiore the macellum of Naples, and in Santa Chiara, the biggest thermal complex of the city in Roman times. In the 18th century Naples, together with Milan, became one of the most important sites from which the Enlightenment penetrated into Italy. The Sceneggiata became very popular amongst the neapolitan people, and then became one of the best known genres of Italian cinema because of actors and singers like Mario Merola and Nino D'Angelo. [44][better source needed] In 1544, around 7,000 people were taken as slaves by Barbary pirates and brought to the Barbary Coast of North Africa.